How to Grow and Care for Hawthorn Trees
The hawthorn trees or Crataegus monogyna is a deciduous shrub or tree of family Rosaceae widely used in gardening to form protective hedges since their thorns and branches closed it a virtually impenetrable barrier to people and animals. Thanks to the beauty of their flowers and fruits, they can also have a good ornamental use, either by growing an isolated specimen as a shade tree or by arranging a few in a row.
The flowering of this plant results in clusters of fragrant white flowers that make their appearance in mid-spring. They contain active ingredients that are considered beneficial for regulating blood pressure or treating heart disease.
The most widespread, safe, and simple method of multiplying hawthorn is through the sowing of seeds during a period that lasts from mid-autumn to the last days of winter.
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How to Grow and Care for Hawthorn Trees?
The seeds can be obtained in nurseries or directly from the still-green fruits. To do this, they are immersed in warm water for a few days to remove the pulp and then store the seeds in a bag with peat and sand placed in the refrigerator until the arrival of the sowing season.
The reproduction technique by cuttings does not always yield good results when it comes to hawthorn trees, although the most daring can try to take the branches of the growth of the year during the spring or take advantage of the woody segments during the autumn season. The cuttings should have a few leaves and a length of approximately 10 centimeters, and they are placed in soil or sand after being soaked in some rooting hormone.
In the case of cuttings obtained in spring, they must grow in the shade and be protected from dehydration until mid-autumn. For this, a plastic covering can be placed as a tunnel half a meter high with vaporizers that maintain humidity.
Another method of multiplication of hawthorn is through escutcheon or bud grafting during the summer.
Hawthorn Trees: Temperature, light, and soil
Regarding its climatic, lighting, and soil requirements, it should note that this plant has developed a great resistance to extreme temperatures, withstanding both frosts and droughts, and can grow without problems in any garden with fresh, deep, and humid soil, with exposure to full sun or partial shade.
When used in creating fences or walls, the hawthorn trees are required to be subjected to maintenance pruning in the summer, once finished the flowering period.
Indian hawthorn trees or Rhaphiolepsis Indica is a small, slow-growing shrub perfect for sunny locations. Easy to care for because it naturally maintains a neat, rounded shape without the need for pruning. The shrub looks great year-round and grows into a focal point in spring when large, loose clusters of fragrant pink or white blooms bloom. The blooms are followed by tiny blueberries that attract wildlife. Read on to find out how to grow Indian hawthorn trees.
How to grow Indian hawthorn trees
The Indian hawthorn is evergreen, so the dark green leathery foliage remains on the branches all year round and turns purplish in winter. The shrub survives winters in temperate climates and is rated for USDA plant hardiness zones 8 through 11.
You will find many uses for Indian hawthorn trees. If planted together, they form a dense hedge. You can also use rows of Indian hawthorn as barriers or dividers between sections of the garden. The plants tolerate salt mist and salty soil, making them ideal for planting by the sea. Indian hawthorn plants grow well in containers, so you can also use them on patios, decks, and porches.
Indian hawthorn trees care about planting the shrub in a location where it can thrive. It grows best in full sun but is also tolerant of afternoon shade. Planting hawthorn where it receives too much shade causes the shrub to lose its neat, compact growth habit.
It is not fussy about soil, but it is good to work in some compost before planting if the soil is heavy clay or sand. The various species and cultivars grow between 3 and 6 feet wide and spread slightly past your height, so separate them accordingly.
Indian hawthorn trees bush care
Water newly planted hawthorn bushes regularly to keep the soil moist until they are well established and have new foliage. Once established, the Indian hawthorn tolerates moderate droughts.
Fertilize the shrub for the first time in the spring after planting and every spring and fall after that. Feed the shrub lightly with a general-purpose fertilizer.
Indian hawthorn trees rarely need pruning. You may need to prune lightly to remove dead and damaged branches, and you can do this pruning at any time of year. If the shrub needs additional pruning, do so immediately after the flowers fade.
The cultivation of hawthorn trees
Today, in Agromática, we are going to talk about hawthorn trees. A tree of the Rosaceae family can be used for agriculture (ornamental) or used as a medicinal one, given the content of its active ingredients, which we will comment on at the end. A tree with two functions and easy to grow? Continue reading!
The properties (agricultural and healing) of hawthorn
Let’s get acquainted with the hawthorn ( Crataegus monogyna), also known as Majuelo or hawthorn. It is a deciduous tree that can reach between 4 and 6 meters in height, and in which we must be careful when we plant it since it has thorns. When the good season arrives (late spring, between May and June), it produces very fragrant white flowers for medicinal use. It also produces fruits that have medicinal properties, dark red, a little oval, and very similar to cherries, which contain one seed inside.
Since we know a little more about hawthorn, we will move on to the work of its cultivation, which we appreciate and value so much here.
Climate and soil in hawthorn cultivation
Although sooner or later, with its growth, it will exceed the rest of the plants in your garden, hawthorn requires full sun conditions. That is why it is convenient to arrange it in a part of the garden where it has sun exposure most of the day.
When planting it, as its parts are still fleshy and it is not woody, it should do when there are no very high or very low temperatures, such as in autumn or spring.
Soil
To grow hawthorn, we need fairly moist soil, with good drainage, of course. It must bear in mind that this tree adapts very well to different conditions, and they are relatively resistant to drought. But it is necessary to avoid compacted and clayey soils with little porosity.
Given these conditions of necessary humidity, in this case, we are presented with the ideal option of incorporating padding around the tree, perfect for ensuring the humidity of its roots at all times and reducing the frequency and density of irrigation.
Fertilizer and irrigation, how to do it?
We start from the premise that hawthorn is easy to grow. We will keep in mind that the soil conditions must be humid, and we will keep it that way with constant watering.
As for the subscriber, it is demanding, especially in the flowering and fruiting season. At the end of winter and in spring, we must provide an appreciable amount of organic matter around the trunk.
Multiplying the hawthorn trees
The reddish fruits and the type of cherries mentioned before producing a single seed can produce new varieties of hawthorn trees. The only thing you have to do is be patient with us. It can take up to 18 months to germinate. You can increase the chances of success when planting the seeds, and a useful technique is to soak them in warm water for a while before placing them in the seedbed or directly on the site.
Another way to multiply hawthorn is through stakes that we will prepare previously at the end of spring.
The medicinal effects of hawthorn trees
From its active ingredients, ingredients conducive to soothing many human problems are extracted. Here are some of its properties:
- Cardiotonic
- Relaxing
- Antioxidant
- Cardiovascular dilator
The importance of its flavonoids: this component relaxes and dilates the arteries, especially the coronary arteries, increasing blood flow to the heart. In addition, they are also antioxidants. At present, it is used for patients with heart disease or infarction and to prevent angina pectoris. But it must note that its effects are long-term; it is not valid to solve acute heart problems.
How to Grow and Care for Hawthorn Trees