Bougainvillea Garden, Color, Tips How to Plant, Grow, Care 2022
genus of thorny ornamental vines, bushes, and trees belonging to the four o’ clock family, Nyctaginaceae. It is native to eastern South .
With summer just around the corner, preparing the terrace and garden to turn into cosy and beautiful spaces is almost a priority. Even more so, when these spaces in our homes have acquired a new role, we spend more and more time in them. In this sense, there are many outdoor plants to give life and colour to your garden, porch or terrace.
The bougainvillea (bougainvillea) is undoubtedly one of the summer stars thanks to its colour, simple care, and spectacular flowering; it is common to see it decorating walls, walls or bars, even going up the facades and creating great vertical and colourful walls.
How is bougainvillea
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Bougainvillea is a rustic plant that does not need special care. This shrubby and climbing plant is native to the tropical forests of Central and South America. At least it has 18 subspecies that, although somewhat different, generally require the same care. Planted in the ground, it can grow up to 10 meters – depending on the species – although bougainvillea can also be grown in pots.
One of the peculiarities of bougainvillea is its incredible colour that responds, unlike what you think, to the leaves that protect its flowers, which are white and small. Those coloured leaves are called bracts, responsible for safeguarding their tiny flowers. They can be purple, pink, red, orange, and even white. Bougainvillea flowers are small, white, and very inconspicuous if it weren’t for the incredible colour of the so-called bracts.
Bougainvillea care
Although bougainvillea is a rustic climbing plant that does not need much care, you should pay special attention to some of its maintenance if you want it to look lush. There are three factors that you should take into account:
Irrigation: this rustic plant does not have excessive needs for water. In winter, if cultivated on land, let it be watered with rainwater; while indoors, it is preferable to let it rest. It is not very demanding in summer: if it is on the ground, water it once a week; if it is potted, do it two or three times.
Light is the essential element for the bougainvillea to grow healthy, leafy, and full of colour. Whether it’s grown in a pot or on the ground, please place it in a place where it gets as much sun as possible
Compost: it is one of the factors that you will have to take care of the most. And it is that bougainvillea does not tolerate excess fertilizer well, especially if it is planted in the ground. In a pot, although you should not overdo it, apply a liquid fertilizer every 15 days in spring and summer.
The perfect climate for bougainvillea
This rustic plant thrives ideally in hot climates, where it will bloom practically all year round. Also, in winter, as long as there is no frost. On the other hand, if the weather is colder, it will lose its leaves in winter and sprout again during spring. It will hold between -3 and -7 ° C, depending on the variety.
If you have it in a pot, protect the plant by placing it in a space where frost does not affect it. If it is planted in the ground, you can preserve its roots with mulching, which will help the roots not rot. It can also be done if it is in a pot.
How to transplant bougainvillea
As explained, bougainvillea is a flowering plant that can be grown in a pot and later transplanted into the garden. But its roots are susceptible and can deteriorate in the process. The truth is that it does not tolerate transplants very well, so when you take it home, think about whether you want to put it in a pot or plant it in the ground.
How to grow bougainvillea in a pot
If you decide to grow bougainvillea in a pot, choose a large one, as this plant can produce a lot and will need space to develop its roots. Also, if you decide to grow it in a container, do so without the intention of transplanting it in a short time since, as we mentioned, its roots are susceptible to transplantation. If winters are frigid in your area, we recommend that you put your potted bougainvillea indoors.
How to grow bougainvillea in the garden
On the other hand, if you want bougainvillea to decorate and give life to your garden, plan well where you want to plant it. Bougainvillea is a plant that can measure more than 10 meters, so think carefully about where you are going to grow it, as well as what wall you want it to cover or if you prefer it to act as a barrier against prying eyes and, at the same time, decorate. Keep in mind that if you want it to grow up a wall or climb a fence, you must guide it to go wherever you want.
To avoid being a victim of fungi and other diseases, find a clear space to ensure proper air circulation.
When to prune bougainvillea
Although it is not necessary, it is recommended for the plant to grow stronger. If your climate is mild and there are no frosts, the best time to prune bougainvillea is winter. On the other hand, if these are very cold in your area, do it in early spring, when the temperatures begin to rise. Cut a third of the branches to grow stronger and take advantage of guiding it where you want it to grow.
Most common diseases and pests of bougainvillea
One of the pests that most affect bougainvillea is the mealybug, which can appear if its leaves and flowers get wet during watering. So these insects will not be attracted to moisture. Other pests that can affect bougainvillea are the red spider, whitefly or aphid. To eliminate the litter, wash the plant with a mixture of water and vinegar in a ratio of 10 to 1.
As for diseases, mildew fungus can also affect them due to excess watering. You will detect if yellow and brown spots appear on the front of its leaves and the underside; they are silver. If you see these spots on your bougainvillea, remove the affected leaves and apply a fungicide.
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How to make a bougainvillea stile or tree?
Woody evergreen plants like bougainvillea can discipline in studs that are tree-shaped. Thanks to their high growth rate, they can be worked into a 3 or 4 foot (0.91 to 1.22 m) tall “tree” in just three years, depending on the length of the growing season and the vigour of the plant.
Growth
Step 1
Buy a variety of bougainvillea well suited to your climate and grow to your desired height. Here are some types that are known for their use as studs: “Barbara Karst”, “San Diego”, “Superstition Gold”, “Torch Glow”, “Jamaica Red Bagen Beauty, Violet, Double Orange Pink, there are many more. Don’t try to use one miniature or dwarf varieties known for tight development.
Step 2
Start with a small 6 to 8 inch (15.24 to 20.32 cm) plant for potting or transplanting in the yard. In climatic zones defined United States Department of Agriculture as zone 9 or greater than 9, bougainvillea can be grown outdoors. Still, in areas where repeated frosts are dangerous, it is best to grow them in pots that can move—sheltered during the winter.
Step 3
Grow fertile, acidic, humus-rich soil that drains well. Its tender roots do not support soggy and humid soils. Prepare topsoil by mixing equal parts of peat bog, rotting leaves or pine bark, garden mud, and sand, or buy a good soil mix for tropical plants. Thoroughly stir the soil mixture and work it into the field where you will grow the plant or fill an excellent sturdy 2 gallon (7.58 L) pot with it. Using a larger bank will not need to be transplanted for several years, and the bougainvillea will perform better as its roots multiply.
She is disciplining the stems.
Step 1
Cut a well-established plant flush with the ground to force it to sprout new shoots. It is possible to discipline the main bougainvillea stem or allow several to grow and weave them together to form a braided trunk. Bougainvilleas can be pruned at any time of the year in temperate climates or if they are grown in pots, as they will respond with vigorous shoots provided they are well watered and fed.
If they have been planted outside in areas where winter demands protection from the cold, don’t prune them too late in the season. It would help if you did not have new tender shoots when the weather turned cold. Instead, start the pruning process spring to give the plant a whole season to grow.
Step 2
Sink a solid picket into the soil right next to the bougainvillea plant, or push it into pot until it touches the bottom and plants the bougainvillea next to it. Depending on how tall the tree needs to be, you will need a stake 4 to 8 feet – 1.22 to 2.44 m long to sink much of it into the ground so that it can support the canopy. Do not use chemically treated sticks as the chemicals could affect the plant.
Step 3
Once the log or logs to disciplined, grow, tie them to the stake with soft cloth ties or old nylon stockings. Don’t use wire or plastic ties to rub the stems and cut them. Braid several stems together while flexible and tie them to the picket to force them to grow together and straight.
Cut off any stems trying to grow out of the braided part and remove the thorns on the main stem to make it easier to handle. Once the stem has reached the desired height, begin pinching the bud on the central limb to encourage it to branch out and form a rich crown. After the first two to three years, you should have a magnificent bougainvillea tree adorning your property.
Where does bougainvillea grow best?
Bougainvillea is a sun-lover and it will grow best in a full sun position, in the open, facing due North (in the southern hemisphere) and due South (in the northern hemisphere). Bougainvillea needs at least six hours of full sun every day to thrive. Choose a place with rich, well-drained soil.
Does bougainvillea flower all year?
Bougainvillea thrives in places that are hot and relatively dry. The vines wouldn’t bloom if they don’t receive adequate sunshine. Bougainvillea blooms mostly during the months of November to May.
Is bougainvillea annual or perennial?
Bougainvillea is a hardy perennial vine, but it prefers the temperate climates of USDA Plant Hardiness Zones 9 through 11. (Not sure which zone you live in? See the map below — just click on the source link to see a larger version.) Bougainvillea can also be grown as an annual or as a houseplant outside those zones.
Can bougainvillea grow in shade?
Your plants will thrive in shade or partial shade, but only have nice growth with little or no blooms. Don’t expect your bougainvillea to flower indoors. If possible, keep your plant outdoors and give it the maximum sun exposure. Any flowering you may receive indoors is a bonus.
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